{"id":40581,"date":"2024-09-18T14:34:56","date_gmt":"2024-09-18T07:34:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oucru.org\/nghien-cuu-moi-xac-dinh-cac-yeu-to-nguy-co-gay-benh-lao-tai-tp-hcm\/"},"modified":"2024-09-18T15:31:56","modified_gmt":"2024-09-18T08:31:56","slug":"tb-in-hcm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oucru.org\/vi\/tb-in-hcm\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh lao t\u1ea1i TP.HCM"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n

B\u1ec7nh lao – M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/h1>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 COVID-19 v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 10,6 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 1,6 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t khi 90% g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 30 qu\u1ed1c gia thu th\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i\u2026<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf, Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 16\/30 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 13\/30 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng \u0111a thu\u1ed1c cao nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u th\u00eam c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf TP.HCM: Ai d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng?<\/strong><\/h1>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/a> n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i 23 ph\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a TP.HCM, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 1\/2020 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4\/2023.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a lao \u1edf TP.HCM v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ca b\u1ec7nh lao, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5p qu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00f4ng tin sinh th\u00e1i, mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u1edf c\u1ea5p qu\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng lao.<\/p>\n

Theo ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 1\/2020 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4\/2023 t\u1ea1i TP.HCM c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 36.089 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 1.451 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c (h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i TP.HCM).<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n th\u00ec trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 67.7% nam v\u00e0 32,3% n\u1eef; 81% s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb; \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh 45; 5% \u0111\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec5m HIV; 31.999 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh lao, 5.516 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed lao. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c, 2% kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed lao v\u00e0 14% tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed lao.<\/p>\n

\"Vi<\/a>
Vi khu\u1ea9n h\u00ecnh que Mycobacterium tuberculosis.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao<\/strong><\/h1>\n

Th\u00e1p d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00f3m nam \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i trung ni\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u0103ng theo \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc lao to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea cho th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng b\u1ec7nh lao xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i thu\u1ed9c trung t\u00e2m TP.HCM, cho c\u1ea3 lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c trong khi \u00edt h\u01a1n \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc trung t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc, cho c\u1ea3 hai d\u1ea1ng lao, \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. V\u1edbi lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c, d\u00f9 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1eadp trung \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c trung t\u00e2m nh\u01b0ng khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 cao th\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau; v\u1edbi lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m v\u1edbi t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc cao, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a hai d\u1ea1ng lao cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sinh h\u1ecdc, h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eafc HIV nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a HIV v\u00e0o lao, ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc HIV t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn <\/strong><\/h1>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y, vi\u1ec7c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao nh\u1ea1y thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 lao \u0111a kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c \u1edf TP.HCM th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a WHO \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a>, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c TP.HCM c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf TP.HCM kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng b\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh HIV.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi Thanh Nh\u00e3 cho T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Tia S\u00e1ng<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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