{"id":52455,"date":"2025-08-20T20:05:16","date_gmt":"2025-08-20T13:05:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oucru.org\/?p=52455"},"modified":"2025-08-21T15:36:31","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T08:36:31","slug":"nghien-cuu-moi-xac-dinh-cac-te-bao-mien-dich-gay-viem-o-benh-nhan-lao-mang-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oucru.org\/vi\/nghien-cuu-moi-xac-dinh-cac-te-bao-mien-dich-gay-viem-o-benh-nhan-lao-mang-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch g\u00e2y vi\u00eam \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 lao n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t. D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, b\u1ec7nh v\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong cao t\u1eeb 20\u201350%, v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c di ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ea7n kinh su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn nay, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1eabu m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, trong khi c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y (CSF), ch\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch bao quanh n\u00e3o v\u00e0 t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00e1u. Tuy v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec di\u1ec5n ra ngay t\u1ea1i \u1ed5 nhi\u1ec5m: n\u00e3o b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i OUCRU, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 RNA \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o (single-cell RNA sequencing \u2013 scRNA-seq), m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y. Theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, scRNA-seq \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1eabu CSF tr\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 RNA \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o (scRNA-seq) \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y sinh h\u1ecdc to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, v\u1ebd n\u00ean b\u1ee9c tranh chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. Quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, scRNA-seq v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, gi\u00fap v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o: s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1eabu d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t trong n\u00e3o th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam, m\u1edf ra ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nh\u1eafm tr\u00fang \u0111\u00edch nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e3o do mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a> v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean The Journal of Immunology<\/em>, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i OUCRU \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1eb7p m\u1eabu d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y v\u00e0 m\u00e1u l\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb 4 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o, c\u00f9ng m\u1eabu m\u00e1u t\u1eeb 3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 15 nh\u00f3m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 29 ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u1ea3 d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y v\u00e0 m\u00e1u, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i m\u1eabu n\u00e0y. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
T\u1ed5ng quan nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ecbch n\u00e3o tu\u1ef7 (CSF) ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y vi\u00eam, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c b\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi th\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u1ec7m (microglia-like macrophages), t\u1ebf b\u00e0o T nh\u1edb CD8+ bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen GZMK, v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (natural killer) bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh CD56 (CD56bright NK). Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u00e1u l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 : t\u1ebf b\u00e0o T nh\u1edb CD8+ bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n gen GNLY v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o NK bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p CD56(CD56dim NK). C\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u g\u00e2y vi\u00eam, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng interferon, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u1edf d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o tu\u1ef7; trong khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh phosphoryl v\u00e0 oxy ho\u00e1 \u2013 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o oxy \u2013 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3: trong lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb  h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p hi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed sang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a lactat, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u201chi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Warburg\u201d trong ung th\u01b0. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, song c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u00f4 n\u00e3o. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 tham chi\u1ebfu chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y v\u00e0 m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, n\u00f3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh scRNA-seq l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh sinh mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi m\u1eabu kh\u00f3 thu th\u1eadp nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch song song m\u00e1u \u2013 d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, nh\u1eb1m kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi cho lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh kh\u00e1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Tr\u1ecbnh Th\u1ecb B\u00edch Tr\u00e2m, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh, chia s\u1ebb: \u201cM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 scRNA-seq \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf g\u1ea7n 10 n\u0103m qua, OUCRU m\u1edbi tri\u1ec3n khai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y hai n\u0103m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb Oxford. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Lao t\u1ea1i OUCRU<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u201cSingle-cell profiling of blood and cerebrospinal fluid in tuberculous meningitis\u201d<\/a><\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean The Journal of Immunology<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 RNA \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i OUCRU \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch trong d\u1ecbch n\u00e3o t\u1ee7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u1edbi cho h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7. K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e3o do mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":52445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[291,229],"tags":[219],"class_list":["post-52455","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-oucru-ho-chi-minh","category-tin-tuc","tag-noi-bat"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch g\u00e2y vi\u00eam \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o\u00a0 - OUCRU<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oucru.org\/vi\/nghien-cuu-moi-xac-dinh-cac-te-bao-mien-dich-gay-viem-o-benh-nhan-lao-mang-nao\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch g\u00e2y vi\u00eam \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o\u00a0 - OUCRU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. 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