Background 

COVID-19 vaccines have played a crucial role in reducing the spread of the virus, but the real-world effectiveness of booster doses and their protection over time needs to be understood. This study uses public health data to assess how well vaccines work in preventing COVID-19 and its serious outcomes, like hospitalization and death, in the general population of Jakarta.

Study Design

The researchers will use public health data to conduct a case-control study, comparing people who tested positive for COVID-19 (cases) with those who did not (controls) to measure vaccine effectiveness. They will also perform cross-sectional studies to analyze how COVID-19 patterns and risk factors for severe outcomes have changed over time.

Goals

The goals of this study include:

1. Evaluate how effective booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines are in preventing symptomatic COVID-19, hospitalization, and death.
2. Assess how different variants of the virus and other factors influence vaccine effectiveness.
3. Estimate how long vaccine protection lasts and whether it changes based on variants or repeated exposures.
4. Investigate trends in COVID-19 deaths and hospitalizations from 2020 to 2022, and identify risk factors.