This study aims to investigate the inappropriate use of antibiotics in children with common childhood illnesses at Kanti Children’s Hospital in Nepal. Involving 450 parents/guardians of children aged 1 month to 14 years, the research will use a structured questionnaire, the Parental Perceptions on Antibiotics (PAPA) instrument, and in-depth interviews. The study will explore factors such as demographic characteristics, self-medication with antibiotics, accessibility to healthcare, and parental perceptions of antibiotic use. The findings will provide insights into antibiotic misuse, which could inform public health messaging and strategies for promoting rational antibiotic use in the community.